MULTIFUNCTIONAL ADDITIVES FOR LUBRICATING OILS

Abstract

To expand the raw material base for the production of sulfonate additives for lubricating oils and increase the efficiency of their action, the possibility of obtaining them based on a mixture of petroleum oil and alkylphenol synthesized using ethylene oligomers of the C10-C14 fraction was studied. It is shown that during sulfonation of mixed raw materials the yield of sulfonic acids is 95%, the content of acid tar is lower than during sulfonation of petroleum oil by 35-40%. The influence of the ratio of ingredients in the initial mixture on the content of the active substance and other indicators of the neutral sulfonate was studied, and it was found that the ratio of petroleum oil : alkylphenol, equal to 1.5 : 1, is optimal for obtaining additives of the required quality. The resulting sulfonates have a micellar structure. Their properties were studied by standard laboratory methods in M-11 oil at a concentration of 5% and compared with the corresponding properties of foreign additives OLOA 246B (neutral) and Hitech 6060M (medium alkaline). The composition and structure of sulfonates were studied by elemental analysis and IR spectroscopy. The results of preliminary tests showed that the developed neutral and medium alkaline semi-synthetic calcium sulfonates have high physicochemical and functional properties. Unlike well-known analogues, the additives obtained, showing multifunctionality of action, along with detergent and dispersant properties, also significantly improve the anti-corrosion properties and oxidation stability of lubricating oils. Compared additives are similar in detergent properties, and in other functional properties, the developed sulfonates are superior to analogues. The high efficiency of semi-synthetic sulfonates allows them to be used in the preparation of an additive package for modern motor oils.