MAIN BIOECOLOGICAL AND MORPHOGENETIC FEATURES OF GRAY-BROWN (CHESTNUT) SOILS OF THE GANJA-GAZAKH CADASTRAL REGION

Abstract

The variability of soil-climatic, relief and other factors on the territory of the republic, especially in areas of intensive agriculture, has a strong impact on agricultural production, as well as on the productivity of agricultural land and soil fertility. Therefore, one of the most important issues for improving the culture of agriculture and the effective use of arable land is a deep study of the soil cover of the regions of the republic and their mapping. From this point of view, the study of the current soil-ecological state of the soils of the dry steppe zone of the Ganja-Gazakh cadastral region stands out for its relevance. During 2017-2020 we carried out soil-field studies in the foothill and plain areas of the Gazakh, Aghstafa, Tovuz, Shamkir, Samukh, Goygol and Goranboy administrative districts. Physical and chemical analysis of the taken soil samples was carried out on the basis of generally accepted methods. According to the "Map of the soil cover of the Ganja-Gazakh cadastral region" at a scale of 1: 100 000, compiled on the basis of fund-cartographic materials, the area of dark gray-brown (chestnut) soils at the research object was -8880,56 ha, ordinary graybrown ( chestnut) -135690, 28 ha, light gray-brown (chestnut) soils – 63547,68 ha, gray-brown (chestnut) meadow soils – 25180,07 ha. On the basis of literary stock materials and the results of our own soil-field and cameral-laboratory studies, a morphogenetic and bioecological characteristic of the subtypes of gray-brown (chestnut) soils is given. As a result of the research, it was found that dark gray-brown (chestnut) soils, common on the plains of the Ganja-Gazakh cadastral region, have higher fertility than other subtypes.