ANALYSIS OF ECOLOGICAL FEATURES AND MORPHOGENETIC INDICATORS OF INCOMPLETELY DEVELOPED MOUNTAIN BROWN SOILS OF THE SHAMKIR REGION

Abstract

Since the middle of the 20th century, nature has continued to face unprecedented new anthropogenic impacts on the environment. Rapid population growth has led to new environmental problems. Deforestation and replacement with arable land, desertification, soil erosion in mountainous and foothill areas, salinization and degradation in the plains, industrial development, peaking in the amount of waste released into the environment, pollution of the world's oceans and global climate change, rising water levels in the seas and oceans are urgent environmental problems that are difficult to prevent. The Republic of Azerbaijan, the largest country in the South Caucasus, does not have rich land resources (0.12 ha per capita). 44.2% of soils from all land resources (86.6 thousand km2) are subject to varying degrees of salinization, and 38.6% - to varying degrees of erosion. This article discusses the study of the subtype of underdeveloped mountain brown soils (DQvte) formed on mountain forest brown soils (DVV) of the Shamkir region. The subtype of underdeveloped mountain brown soils is widespread in the Shamkir region on
the territory with an area of 24983 hectares. The article gives a morphological description of 6 soil sections laid out in characteristic areas, analyzes the current state of diagnostic indicators, agrochemical characteristics of soils, the results of which are given in tables with explanations. The main soil indicators were determined - humus, total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, granulometric composition (according to sandy, dusty, silty and clay fractions), reaction of the soil environment (pH) and carbonate content (CaCO3), statistical data processing was carried out.