WAYS OF DEGRADATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF MOUNTAIN-MEADOWS LANDSCAPES (IN THE EXAMPLE OF THE HIGH MOUNTAINS OF THE GREATER CAUCASUS)

Abstract

The article studies the mountain-meadow landscapes spread in the high mountainous areas of the Greater Caucasus and presents its results. For this purpose, the vegetation cover in the mountain-meadow landscapes was analyzed, and areas that have been degraded over many years were identified. Field research, as well as modern methods and techniques, were used during the study. Based on the processing of satellite images, the current state of the mountain-meadow landscapes was compared with previous periods. Maps of the area with various contents were compiled using ArcGIS software. For the analysis of degradation, maps reflecting the NDV index of satellite images of different periods were prepared and processed. As a result of the research, it was determined that the productivity of pastures has significantly decreased as a result of intensive grazing. For the restoration of summer pastures, it is important to observe the grazing norm and organize pasture rotation.