THE FIRST MANIFESTATIONS OF NATIONAL AWAKENING IDEAS IN AZERBAIJAN (BASED ON MATERIALS FROM THE INSTITUTE OF MANUSCRIPTS)

Abstract

The 19th century, can be considered the most controversial period in the political and socio cultural history of Azerbaijan. In Azerbaijan, which was once considered one of the centers of science, literature and art of the East, in order to make the people forget its history, material and cultural historical monuments were destroyed, the opening of native language schools and the press were prevented. With this, the history of statehood has ended, and a contrasting period was experienced in the science and culture of Azerbaijan. In the social and literary-cultural environment, where the former feudal ideology still prevailed, modern tendencies began to emerge, democratic ideas and the influence of Russian and European culture began to grow. After the occupation the Azerbaijani society was at the transition stage of its historical development. From the beginning of the Russian invasion, the resistance movement against the colonial regime began in the regions. The main goal and purpose in the initial stage of the resistance movement in Azerbaijan was national-cultural orientation. The most important aspect of the history of
the national movement of the Turkish people living in Russia is that the main driving force of this movement is often the intellectuals. This article partially covers some points from the personal archive materials during the period from the second half of the 19th century to the 20th century, throughout only a brief period of enlightenment and national awakening ideas.