BIRTH RITUAL TRADITIONS: IN THE CONTEXT OF AZERBAIJANI AND UZBEK FOLKLORE

Abstract

Childbirth is one of the most significant rites of passage in human life and has been shaped by the cultural beliefs of various peoples. In Azerbaijani and Uzbek folk cultures, the rituals surrounding childbirth encompass both ancient traditions and the influences of Islam. This article examines the traditional practices, beliefs, and rituals associated with childbirth in these two cultures from a comparative perspective.

In Azerbaijani and Uzbek societies, childbirth is regarded not merely as a biological phenomenon but also as a social and spiritual transition. Birth rituals serve as important reflections of social organization, belief systems, and cultural values. In both cultures, a special protective period is observed for the mother and infant during the first forty days after birth. During this time, the mother remains at home, isolated from the outside world, and interacts only with close family members. Furthermore, spiritual practices such as the recitation of prayers, protection from the evil eye, and cleansing from negative energies play a central role in safeguarding the newborn’s well-being. In addition, childbirth ceremonies in Azerbaijan and Uzbekistan are accompanied by traditions and celebrations that reinforce social cohesion.

This study explores the functions of birth rituals within their cultural contexts and their impact on social structures, highlighting both the similarities and differences between Azerbaijani and Uzbek folk cultures. While birth rituals, transmitted from generation to generation, embody shared elements that bear traces of Turkic cultural heritage, local variations further accentuate the richness of this cultural tradition.