Non-productive word-formation methods in modern Turkic languages

Abstract

In modern Turkic languages, word-formation processes take place in different layers of
the language. Of course, these processes take place in different ways. Some of the word-formation
methods are very actively used in all Turkish languages. Some word-formation methods are rarely
used. Although there has been a lot of talk about productive word-formation methods, non
productive word-formation methods have often been left out of research. These less productive
methods do not cover all Turkic languages. Examples of such word-formation methods include
word-formation, fiction, naht, cut-and-paste, mirror, and karma-karma.
Keywords: Turkish, word formation, method, productive, unproductive