Metaphorical aspect of socio-cultural realia in language

Abstract

Language is a mirror that reflects all the morality, behavior, literature, history, moral
norms, customs and traditions of the people. When we learn a foreign language, including any
language, including English, we learn the concepts that have already been formed in that language
in the form of a system, and we perceive the objective reality that finds its expression in these
concepts.
The fact that socio-cultural realias are metaphorically incomprehensible to other peoples is due to
socio-cultural factors and belongs to an area where language meets these factors. The study of this
lexical layer is the object of social linguistics. Sociolinguistics as a field of science studies the social
nature of language, its social functions, the mechanism of influence of social factors on language,
the social differentiation of language at all levels, the relationship between language and social
structures. Due to these socio-cultural factors, along with denotative realia that other peoples cannot
understand in language, connotative realia - metaphors - appear. This metaphorical layer is difficult
for Azerbaijani speakers to understand and creates certain difficulties in the translation process.