FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT STAGES OF ONTOLINGUISTICS

Abstract

The article examines the formation and developmental stages of ontolinguistics as an independent scientific discipline that emerged at the intersection of psycholinguistics, psychology, and neurolinguistics. It emphasizes that speech plays a central role in human cognitive, emotional, and social life, and the study of its mechanisms has become an interdisciplinary endeavor.

The author highlights the relationship and distinctions between psycholinguistics and ontolinguistics. While psycholinguistics focuses on general mechanisms of speech activity, ontolinguistics explores the individual process of how a child acquires their native language and develops a personal speech system.

The paper analyzes the main stages of ontolinguistics’ development — from the works of L. S. Vygotsky, A. R. Luria, and A. N. Gvozdev to modern research directions, including early bilingualism (ontobilingualism). Special attention is given to cognitive and psychophysiological aspects of speech development and the role of the social environment in shaping the child’s linguistic system.

Ontolinguistics is defined as a multidisciplinary field that studies the interrelation between language acquisition, cognitive development, and the influence of bilingualism on emotional and intellectual growth.