THE HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ACCUSATIVE CASE

Abstract

It is shown that Sumerian does not have an active case, instead the -e suffix designates the ergative
case: Erqativ hal: -e; gala-e balag nutum - ‘müğənni baraban gətirmədi’.
In our opinion, with the replacement of e~i, this suffix has gone a long way.
In the language of "Kitabi-Dada Gorgud", only the palatal version of the suffix is recorded:
Qarşusına baqdı, oğlancığını – Uruzı gördi. (DQ, 35)
Keyikə atarkən oqla səni urar, öldürər. (DQ, 40)
Gradually, later, the labial variant was also written down:
Anmazmısın ol günü kim,
Möhtac olasın bir pula. (Şəms)
Dedi bir-bir bunu ol padişaha. (DƏH,81)
Until the 18th century, the connective n and y were used in parallel, gradually the connective n
gained dominance.
In the 12th-16th centuries, the suffixes -gi and -ni were also used: Öl dedinsə, öldüm, hiç sözüngi
sındırmadım. (Kişvəri,349) Yə`qubın duşnı eşidübən məhzun oldı. (QY,22) These suffixes could not
be stabilized in our literary language.
In parallel, an accusative case denoting indefiniteness has also developed: Qaravaşa ton geyürsəñ,
qadın olmaz. (DQ,31) The expression of the accusative case with the suffix of possession has become more widespread: Bağrım sitəm ilə qan edər ğəm. (Füzuli,66) Ağac budağın iki bükərsən.
(Dəh.54)