ORIGINAL ANCIENT CIRCASSIAN CIVILIZATION OF THE CAUCASUS AND FEATURES OF TRADITIONAL NATURE MANAGEMENT

Abstract

The Caucasus is distinguished by a rich history of society, where the  continuous process of development of aboriginal cultures, which created a
brilliant material culture, is fixed in loci. Traces of the stay of an ancient man are
known here (Gobustan, the settlement of Dzhanisi, Mukhkai II, Satanai etc.),
cultures are traced: Dolmennaya, North Caucasian, Maikop, Kuro-Araks and
many others, etc., the states of Bosporus, Sindica, Iberia, Urartu, etc. Each culture
had its own economy based on certain forms of farming. The mountain
landscapes of the Caucasus were the foundation on which the economic activity
of the peoples took shape. In the XV-XVI centuries the original ancient aboriginal
Circassian civilization is being formed. Circassian tribes widely used the resource
potential of their territory. They created a diversified economy that was balanced
for their time and set an example of a favorable relationship between the people
and the "feeding" landscape. The traditional system of nature management with
knowledge of the functioning of ecosystems contributed to the sustainable
development of the complex heterogeneous Circassian culture.