TURKIC WORDS IN PERSIAN LITERATURE

Abstract

Just as in all world languages, the Persian language has also incorporated a significant number of foreign words. A review of historical records reveals that Turkic states ruled over Persian-speaking regions for many years, which resulted in a strong Turkic influence on Persian. Today, the widespread use of the Azerbaijani language in Iran continues to contribute to the integration of numerous Turkic words into Persian. This influence is evident not only in everyday speech but also prominently in literary language. Indeed, when examining Persian literary sources, one can find a considerable number of Turkic words.
Therefore, identifying Turkic words within Persian literature is important for understanding the linguistic influence of Turkic languages—particularly Azerbaijani—on Persian. In this article, we have chosen to list the identified Turkic words alphabetically for clarity. Our research has uncovered over one hundred such words. It is also worth noting that each of these words appears repeatedly in the works of Persian-speaking poets.
Another significant point is that these words occur more frequently in the writings of poets of Azerbaijani origin. Among them are Saib Tabrizi, Qatran Tabrizi, Avhadi Maraghayi, Nayir Tabrizi, Khaghani Shirvani, Homam Tabrizi, Parvin E'tesami, Iraj Mirza, Mohammad Hossein Shahriar, and many others. All of this suggests that Azerbaijani poets have never been indifferent to their native language and have often replaced Persian words with Turkic equivalents whenever possible.