THE US MEDIATING ROLE IN THE SETTLEMENT OF THE NAGORNO-KARABAKH CONFLICT

Abstract

The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict between Azerbaijan and Armenia was one of the bloodiest conflicts that erupted during the collapse of the Soviet Union. This region is historically theterritory of the Republic of Azerbaijan, where the resettlement policy of tsarist Russia changed the demographic ratio, resettling here in different years hundreds of thousands of Armenians, who later began to claim these lands, passing them off as primordially Armenian. After the restoration of state independence in 1991, Azerbaijan had to deal with the violation of its territorial integrity. The unresolved conflict during these years leads to instability in the South Caucasus region. This article examines the U.S. mediation role in conflict resolution over the past 30 years.The United States of America faced a conflict of interest in the South Caucasus. On the one hand, the United States supported the newly independent states in pursuing an independent policy, on the other hand, it faced numerous Armenian lobbies that played an important role in solving Washington's foreign policy tasks. And the United States was interested in maintaining the negotiation process in the zone of the Karabakh conflict, which could have been ensured by constantly continuing meetings both in the format of the OSCE Minsk Group and with the involvement of additional efforts by Russia. Currently, the United States welcomes the signing of a peace agreement on the conflict and calls on the parties to resume cooperation within the OSCE Minsk Group in order to guarantee the maintenance of sustainable peace in the region.
The article uses historical-comparative-historical chronological and analyses methods