Philological analysis of the editions of Mahammad Fuzuli's “Divan” in his native language

Abstract

Although the scientific-critical text of Fuzuli's “Divan” in his native language has been published 8 times in terms of total number, there are actually 6 texts. Thus, the divan published in Ankara in the 1990s by publisher Akchagh is actually a repeat of the edition published by Kenan Akyuz in 1958. In Azerbaijan, Hamid Arasli reworked the text he first published in 1944 and published it in 1958. In this sense, the scientific-critical text of Fuzuli's Turkish “Divan” has so far been prepared by two Azerbaijan scholars three times, by Turkish scholars four times and once by an Iranian scholar. Naturally, the manuscripts on which these publications are based are diverse. When preparing the critical text, manuscripts of Fuzuli's divan stored in various libraries around the world - Baku, Turkiye, Iran, Russia, Central Asia and Europe – were used. However, each of these publications also has its own unique characteristics in terms of manuscript copies. Thus, the Iranian edition mainly includes copies of the divan preserved in the Islamic Republic of Iran, the Turkish edition includes copies in the Republic of Turkey, and the Baku edition includes sources from Baku, Russia, and Central Asia. In addition, the authors who prepared the scientific-critical text were also familiar with the previous publications. However, initial observations show that despite this familiarity, these texts have not been carefully compared, except in some episodic cases. If this had been the case, the errors in the final editions would have been fewer. Our main goal in this study is to create a general scientific picture of the scientific-critical texts of Fuzuli's “Divan” in native language and at the same time to express our opinion on the successes and problems of the publications prepared. The main feature of the text prepared by M. Aliyev here is that its writing uses original Arabic graphics. Overall, the problems associated with the publication of scientific and critical texts of Fuzuli's divan can be summarized as follows: a)It is necessary to re-examine Fuzuli's divan and the text of Fuzuli's poems from a philological perspective and to revise the text by deeply understanding its linguistic, stylistic, and poetic features; b) It is possible to shed light on Fuzuli's words from various scientific perspectives, analyze his words from the perspective of content features specific to the Middle Ages and correct the text in a correct manner; c) A more complete scientific-critical text of Fuzuli's Divan can be prepared by relying not on just one copy, but on several authoritative copies available from libraries around the world and by conducting a comparative analysis between editions.