Forms of Manifestation of Fuzuli’s Poetic Word in the Literary Environment of Karabakh (Based on the Works of Mushteri)

Abstract

The literature of the 19th century, unlike medieval poetry, assumed a distinct form both in terms of poetic innovations and adherence to tradition, thereby occupying a unique place in the history of Azerbaijani literature. Literary works from this period, created in the classical poetic style, particularly highlight the multifaceted influence of the renowned poet Muhammad Fuzuli. The poets of Karabakh, patterning on Fuzuli's mastery of language, his stylistic features, worldview, and other aspects were able to establish a new tradition while building upon the existing one. The literary legacy of most of these poets, including the works of Aga Muhammad Mujtahidzade (Mushteri), is not mere imitation; rather, Fuzuli’s legacy became a source of inspiration, contributing to the development of new literary thought and the creation of an example of individual creativity.  In the 19th century, the representatives of Karabakh's classical literature, like their predecessors, invoked Fuzuli’s name to express a range of poetic goals, highlighting his significance in the art of poetry. Our study of Fuzuli’s influence on the Karabakh literary environment led to the conclusion that poets seeking innovation utilized Fuzuli’s poetic heritage at various levels (such as nazira, tahmis, tazmin, iktibas, and others).  The selection of examples from Fuzuli's poetry demonstrates that in this literary milieu, the poet’s Divan in the native language was highly valued, and it was not only the motifs and heroes from his work “Leyli and Majnun” that were emulated, but also its lyrical interludes, including ghazals and murabba.